Materi: Macam macam TENSES

1.    SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
•Pattern :   (+) S + Be (is, am, are) + Object
      S + Verb1 + object
      (-) S + do/does + not + verb1 + Object
            S + be + not + Object
      (?)  Be + S + Object +?
            Do/does + S + Verb 1 + object +?
Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang berulang-ulang atau kebiasaan dan juga untuk menyatakan suatu general truth / kebenaran umum.
e.g.:
Using to be:       (+) I am lazy
                           (-)  I am not lazy 
                           (?) Am I lazy?
Using verb:        (+) You bring my book
                           (-) You do not bring my book
                           (?) Do you bring my book?
Adverb of time usually use in Simple Present Tense: usually, always, everyday, etc. 
2.    SIMPLE PAST TENSE
•Pattern:             (+)    S + Be (was, were) + Object
                              S + Verb 2 + Object
                           (-)  S + be (was, were) + not + Object
                              S + did + not + V1 + Object
                           (?)  Be + S + Object +?
                              Did + S + V1 + Object +?
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa di waktu lampau.
 e.g:
Using Be:           (+) He was there
                           (-)  He was not there
                           (?)  Was he there?
Using Verb:        (+) Daniel went to Surabaya last week
                           (-)  Daniel did not go to Surabaya last week
                           (?)  Did Daniel go to Surabaya last week?
Adverb of time usually use in Simple Past: yesterday, last week, last month…, a moment ago, etc.
3.    SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
•Pattern:
                        (+) S + shall/ will + be + object
                              S + shall/ will + Verb 1 + object
                        (-)  S + shall/ will + not + be object
                              S + shall/ will +not + verb 1 + object
                        (?)  Shall/ will + S + be + object +?
                              Shall/ will + S + Verb 1 + object +?
Simple future tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan/ kejadian yang belum terjadi dan akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang.
e.g.:
Using be:            (+) I shall be there tomorrow
                           (-)  I shall not be there tomorrow
                           (?)  Shall I be there tomorrow?
Using verb:        (+) Rita and I will watch movie tonight
                           (-)  Rita and I will not watch movie tonight
                           (?)  Will Rita and I watch movie tonight?
Adverb of time usually use in Simple Future: tomorrow, tonight, next week, next year ,…, this afternoon, in the future, etc.

4.    PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
•Pattern:
                        (+) S + be (is, am, are) + Verb 1 + ing + Object
                        (-)  S + be (is, am, are) + not + Verb 1 + ing + Object
                        (?)  Be (is, am, are) + S + Verb 1 + ing + Object +?
Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa/ kejadian yang sedang berlangsung pada saat sekarang/ sedang berlaku.
e.g.:
                           (+) He is teaching them in the class
                           (-)  He is not teaching them in the class
                           (?)  Is he teaching them in the class
5.    PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
•Pattern:
                  (+) S + have/has + been + Object
                        S + have/has + Verb 3 + Object
                 
                  (-)  S + have/has + not + been + Object
                        S + have/has + not + Verb 3 + Object
                  (?)  Have/has + S + been + Object +?
                        Have/has + S + Verb 3 + Object +?
Present Perfect digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang dilakukan di waktu lampau tetapi masih ada hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang atau kejadian yang baru saja dilakukan tapi waktunya tidak spesifik.
e.g:
Using been:        (+) I have been here
                           (-)  I have not been here
                           (?)  Have I been here?
Using verb:        (+) She has heard this before
                           (-)  She has not heard this before
                           (?)  Has she heard this before?