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Writing the Poem

 

1

Use concrete imagery. Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions of people, places, and things in your poem. You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. Using concrete imagery will immerse your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.[10]
For example, rather than try to describe a feeling or image with abstract words, use concrete words instead. Rather than write, “I felt happy,” you may use concrete words to create a concrete image, such as, “My smile lit up the room like wildfire.”

2

Include literary devices. Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your reader and allow you to paint a detailed picture for your reader. Try to use literary devices throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.[11]
A metaphor compares one object or subject to another object or subject in a surprising way. For example, “I was a bird on a wire.”
A simile compares one object or subject with another using “like” or “as.” For example, “She was as alone as a crow in a field” or “My heart is like an empty stage.”
You can also try using literary devices like personification, where you describe an object or idea using human qualities or attributes. For example, “The car sank like a stone” or “My love is like a tornado in a jar.”

3

Write for the ear. Poetry is made to be read out loud and you should write your poem with a focus on how it sounds on the page. Writing for the ear will allow you to play with the structure of your poem and your word choice. Notice how each line of your poem flows into one another and how placing one word next to another creates a certain sound or rhythm to your poem.[12]
For example, you may notice how the word “glow” sounds compared to the word “glitter.” “Glow” has an “ow” sound, which conjures an image of warmth and softness to the listener. The word “glitter” is two syllables and has a more pronounced “tt” sound. This word creates a sharper, more rhythmic sound for the listener.

4

Avoid cliche. Your poetry will be much stronger if you avoid cliches, which are phrases that have become so familiar they have lost their meaning. Go for creative descriptions and images in your poem so your reader is surprised and intrigued by your writing. If you feel a certain phrase or image will be too familiar to your reader, replace it with a more unique phrase.[13]
For example, you may notice you have used the cliche, “she was as busy as a bee” to describe a person in your poem. You may replace this cliche with a more unique phrase, such as “her hands were always occupied” or “she moved through the kitchen at a frantic pace.”

Sample Limerick

Limerick Basics:
A limerick has five lines that rhyme AABBA. The first, second, and fifth lines should have eight or nine syllables, while the third and fourth lines should have five or six. A limerick also has a specific rhythm, or “meter,” that is created when syllables are stressed in different ways.
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Sample Limerick:
A woman who once heard a mouse
ran screaming all throughout her house.
She sent in the cat
to dispose of the rat
to find it was only her spouse.

Sample Tanka

Tanka Basics:
A tanka has five lines that don’t usually rhyme.
The first and third lines have five syllables, while the second, fourth, and fifth lines have seven.
The third line usually represents a turning point in the story: reading the first three lines together give you one image, while reading the last three lines give you another. 
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Sample Tanka:
Snow-covered pine trees
line the frozen pathway home,
but we turn away.
The world is a lake of ice,
and we have one warm hand each.

Sample Cinquain

Cinquain Basics
Cinquains have five lines that usually follow a specific structure:
•    First line: One word (noun) that will be the subject of the poem; two syllables
•    Second line: Two words (adjectives) that describe the subject; four syllables
•    Third line: Three words (-ing verbs) that have something to do with the subject; six syllables
•    Fourth line: Four words (a phrase) that relate to the subject; eight syllables
•    Fifth line: One word (noun) that is similar to the subject; two syllables
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Sample Cinquain
Water
Restless, rugged
Flowing, crashing, smashing
Creator of valleys and crests
Power